Islamic empire in india. Jul 8, 2019 · By 1650, the Mughal Empire was one of three leading powers of the Islamic world—the so-called Gunpowder Empires —which also included the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia. Muslim Architecture of South India: The Sultanate of Ma’bar and the Traditions of the Maritime Settlers on the Malabar and Coromandel Coasts (Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Goa). Babur (1483–1530), who founded the empire, was able to defeat Ibrahim Lodi (1459–1526) of the last Delhi Sultanate at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526. Muslims were already living in India when the Mughals first arrived. Muhammad Ghori invaded India in 1175 A. With the Safavids to the west and the Uzbeks to the north, he had nowhere to go but east. Aug 5, 2021 · India has more than 300,000 mosques and has the second largest Muslim population. Among the large empires were the Mughal Empire of India (discussed in India and International Connections), the Safavid Empire of Iran, and the Ottoman Empire of the Mediterranean. 02:13-2015/01/07. In the East was the Mughal Empire, covering most of India but still contending with powerful Hindu Apr 30, 2024 · Islamic world, the complex of societies and cultures in which Muslims and their faith have been prevalent and socially dominant. Summary. However, long before that Muslims had started making attempts to enter India. Several factors contributed to this vibrant era. The empire’s ruling Timurid dynasty was patrilineally Sunni; many of its original core supporters were also Sunni immigrants or descendants of immigrants from Islam in India constitutes the second-most practiced religion after Hinduism, with approximately 151 million Muslims in India's population as of 2007 (according to government census 2001), i. e. Sindh is the land around the Indus. Islam is the second-largest religion in South Asia, with more than 640 million Muslims living there, forming about one-third of the region's population. 712 CE. Sep 23, 2023 · The Ancient Indian History Timeline Chart is a chronological representation of significant events that occurred in ancient India – starting from the Indus Valley Civilization dating back to 3300 BC, through to the end of the Gupta Empire in 550 AD. and more. The period of Islamic conquests and empire building marks the first phase of the expansion of Islam as a religion. Age of the gunpowder empires. Sep 19, 2002 · India’s Enduring Hindu-Muslim Contest: 500 BC – 550 AD: Kingdoms and Empires Indian history stretches back 4,500 years to the Indus Valley civilization centered on the banks of the Indus River Summary. Gain a better understanding of the political A complete study of Perso-Islamic kingship in India, key to understanding the political and cultural history of Muslim courts in India ; Examines contributions made by kings, poets, historians, political and moral philosophers in the imperial project of the sultans of the medieval period May 10, 2024 · Caliphate, the political and religious system that united the Muslim world after the death of Muhammad. Srivijaya Empire: 650 1377 Palembang, Chaiya, Jambi: Old Malay, Sanskrit Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Hazrat Khawaja Muinud-din Chisti, Nizam-ud-din Auliya, Shah Jalal, Amir Khusro, Sarkar Sabir Pak, and Waris Pak trained Sufis for the propagation of Islam in different parts of India. Many of the peoples who were conquered in this process eventually embraced Islam, laying May 8, 2023 · Islam's introduction to India was initiated by Arab merchants who arrived in the 7th century CE, but it was the Mamluk dynasty that successfully created the initial Islamic empire in India through the formation of the Delhi Sultanate in 1206 CE. The most famous of all Mughal emperors, Akbar the Great (r. Timeline Of the Islamic World. The Mongols overthrew the Delhi Sultanate to set up a new Islamic empire in India. During Mughal rule, Muslims averaged only about 15 percent of the population. Here is a list of 10 historic and famous mosques in India. Adherence to Islam is a global phenomenon: Muslims predominate in some 30 to 40 countries, from the Atlantic eastward to the Pacific and along a belt that stretches across northern Africa into Central Asia and south to the northern regions of the Indian subcontinent. The leadership of Islam was captured from the Arabs first by the Persians and then by the Turks. Indian rulers did offer stiff resistance to invaders. Nov 21, 2018 · Islamic invaders ruled only parts of India, not India as our history books tell us. In 1206, Bakhtiyar Khalji led the Muslim conquest of Bengal, that resulted in the expansion of Islam at the time. Since Islam first entered India, it has contributed greatly to the area and its people. This was the second of two great Islamic empires which dominated the history of the Indian subcontinent from the early 13th to the early 18th centuries. the Mughal dynasty that had encouraged the new r evival of the. The empire itself, however, was a purely Indian historical experience. 2 days ago · Within a century after the Prophet’s death in 632 ce, they had brought a large part of the globe—from Spain across Central Asia to India—under a new Arab Muslim empire. However, the first real Muslim Indian conquest wouldn't occur until the formation of the Delhi Sultanate in the 13th century. At the court of India’s last Muslim Empire: The Mughals Islam was seen as one aspect of an eternal truth rather than having a monopoly on it. In the south this struggle was embodied in the Vijayanagar Empire . The Rajputs, Jats, Marathas and Sikhs led this struggle in North India. Qasim defeated Dahir, the ruler of Sindh in a well-contested battle. Mar 23, 2023 · The Indian ruler was known for his military conquests but also his respect for his non-Muslim subjects, especially India's majority Hindu population alongside that of other Muslim empires in Islam spread into West Africa, Anatolia (modern day Turkey), Spain, and India. He established a new unified polity in Arabia (known today as the The first Islamic empire in India was established by Muhammad Ghor. It culminated when the Marathas ended the Muslim domination of India. Friendliness towards jogis, Jain munis, and Christian missionaries was to frighten the Ulama Islamic conquest in India. which however, proved a failure in 711-713 A. Sep 19, 2018 · The event that led to the spread of Islam to India is the rise of the Mughal empire. The Europe Continent was not very popular to have Islam ruling but the Turks had also captured places like Italy. Sufi Islam in its Indian form entered into dialogue with Hindu traditions and became largely pluralistic in its outlook. They were able to draw on and fuse together the mathematical developments of both Greece and India. Jayapāla of Waihind saw danger in the consolidation of the kingdom of Ghazna and decided to destroy it. ( 5 votes) Upvote. Once the Islamic Empire firmly established in India, Sufis invariably provided a touch of color and beauty to what might have otherwise been rather cold and stark The Delhi Sultanate or the Sultanate of Delhi [a] was a late medieval empire primarily based in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent, for 320 years (1206–1526). , 13. Jul 30, 2023 · Today, there are over 500 million Muslims throughout the Indian subcontinent (India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh), making it one of the largest population centers of Muslims in the world. British conquests in the 18th and 19th centuries led to the rule of the British East India Co. The history of the Mughal Empire (1526–1858) reveals much of the diversity among Muslims and the complexity of Islam as variously envisioned and as practiced in India. 11 An average ethnic group in the Old World has 21% of its population adhering to Islam in 2005, is 5, 230 kilometers from Mecca, and 1, 345 kilometers from trade routes before 600 CE. This comprehensive overview covers the development, expansion, and decline of various Islamic empires throughout history. the Arabs under Muhammad- bin-Qasim Apr 8, 2023 · By Muhammad Talha April 8, 2023April 8, 2023. Read here to know about the conquests that brought Muslim rule to India. He was the general of the Umayyad Caliphate. However, he was barely even able to control the Fragana Valley. In 711, the Umayyads appointed a young 17-year-old man from Ta’if to extend Umayyad control into Sindh: Muhammad bin Qasim. PeacockSchool of History, University of St Andrews. It was known for its cultural, artistic, and architectural achievements. May 5, 2015 · One of most compelling arguments in favor of Islamic empires as a category is that the early modern centuries as a whole are very much defined by the process of imperial expansion. The Delhi Sultanate, and its successor, the Mughal Empire, certainly List of largest empires. The North Africans were captured by the Turks which in turn caused the Spread of Islam. The Islamic conquest of the Indian subcontinent took place during the ascendancy of the Rajput Kingdoms in North India, during the seventh to the twelfth centuries. The Islamic Golden Age was a period of scientific, economic and cultural flourishing in the history of Islam, traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century. [13] [14] [15] Following the invasion of South Asia by the Ghurid dynasty, five dynasties ruled over the Delhi Sultanate sequentially: the Mamluk dynasty The Mughals were a Muslim dynasty who ruled over a majority Hindu population. , EVENT: Akbar governs through a The Delhi Sultanate was an Islamic empire based in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years (1206–1526). Suggest Corrections. Period 3. Mar 28, 2008 · Summary. In 1526, he faced the ruling Lothi dynasty at Banipat. The Mughal (or Mogul) Empire ruled most of India and Pakistan in the 16th and Summary. From 1763 till his death in 1786, Majnu was the most dangerous threat to the British Empire in India. During the early 7th Century, there were two major powers outside India and China: In this article we will discuss about the Invasions of Turks (11th-12th Centuries) and the establishment of Turkish rule in India. Beginning with the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1453, Turkish warriors and charismatic leaders. Medieval Times. Muhammad bin Qasim invaded Sindh (north-west region of India) in c. The precise extent of the Mongol Empire at its greatest territorial expansion is a matter of debate among scholars. [citation needed] Dec 1, 2022 · Muhammad Ghori, or Shihabud Din Muhammad Ghori, was the true founder of the Muslim Empire in India. From the 8 th to the 11 th centuries, the Muslim world exerted, on the East as on the West, an undisputed economic supremacy. Muslim missionaries played a key role in the spread of Islam in India with some missionaries even assuming roles as merchants or traders. Though it was the Muslim invader Muhammad bin Qasim who first invaded India, followed by Mahmud of Ghazni, neither of them was able to establish a true Muslim empire in India. Nov 13, 2012 · The Muslim invasion saw an end to the indigenous empires of India and, from then on, independent city-states or communities under the control of a city would be the standard model of government. Feb 5, 2013 · In India, as opposed to Iran or the Ottoman Empire, a pluralistic religious society escaped bureaucratization and state control. The first incursion by the new Muslim successor states of the Persian empire occurred around 664 CE during the Umayyad Caliphate, led by Mohalib towards Muslims of India in particular have been persuaded to look back with pride on those six centuries, if not more, when India was ruled by Muslim emperors. Jan 2, 2024 · The Umayyad dynasty established the first Islamic empire in India in the early 8th century, marking the onset of Islamic rule in the region before the establishment of the later Mughal Empire. The credit of establishing the Muslim rule in India goes to the Turks. At its height, around 1690, the Mughal Empire ruled almost the entire subcontinent of India, controlling four million square kilometers of land and a population of about Apr 24, 2019 · Atrocities of Mughal Emperors - Islamic Imperialism in India Part 2 ; The Story of Islamic Imperialism in India - Part 1; Maratha Empire - Cultural contributions to the temple town of Varanasi ; Umaji Naik is a freedom fighter who took on the British ; THE MARATHA CENTURY; The Battle of Malanggad between Marathas and British . The Islamic Empire established across Persia, the Middle East, Central Asia, North Africa, Iberia and parts of India from the 8th Century onwards made significant contributions towards mathematics. In 1526, Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur established Mughal rule in India that lasted until 1857, when the last Mughal emperor surrendered to British East India Company forces. old and almost drowned civilization. The Ghaznavids and Ghurids. For example, India was largely unaffected and only about 20-25% of people converted to Islam and remained mostly Hindu or Buddhist. This significance can only be fully understood by contrasting it with the situation in Europe during the same period. In this make-belief, the British rulers are treated as temporary intruders who cheated Islam of its Indian empire for a hundred years. The first of these empires was the Delhi Sultanate. Fakir and Sanyasi forces killed several officers and soldiers of the British in guerrilla wars. Many shared the Islamic faith and thus familiarity with the Arabic language, which facilitated interchange commerce and ideas. In the wake of the Islamic conquests, trading activity between the Middle East and India appears to have expanded dramatically. 4 percent of the population. The first such attempt was made in the middle of the 7th century A. After the conquest of Multan and Punjab, he advanced towards Delhi. So also the “Hindu Banias”, who succeeded the British Feb 24, 2009 · The first Indian mosque was built in 629 A. Islamic cultures in North Africa, Spain, Persia and India. Islam’s essential egalitarianism within the community India: Eastern Chalukya Empire: 624 1189 Vengi, Rajahmundry: Sanskrit, Telugu India: Karkota Empire: 625 885 Srinagar, Parihaspore: Sanskrit India Pakistan Afghanistan Bangladesh: Brahman Dynasty of Sindh: 632 724 - Sanskrit India Pakistan. Rise and Spread of Islam Timeline. Between the Hellenistic period and the first/seventh century, the Arabs had lost their predominance in this trade to the Ethiopians – Byzantium’s trading partners in the Indian Ocean – and, to an even Mar 1, 2016 · The modern World today is facing a global threat from organizations and groups of terrorists such as the ISIS, Taliban and Al-Qaeeda – whose ideology is chillingly similar to that of the perpetrators of the World’s biggest holocaust in India. 1739) (see Map 6). The arrival of Islam in India is dated to medieval times after the decline of Rajput kingdoms in the north. There were many more small kingdoms in places like Apr 25, 2017 · It was an empire that ruled parts of the Indian Subcontinent, Afghanistan, and Balochistan. During this period, Muslim rulers made significant contributions to various aspects of Indian society. Mughal culture blended Perso-Islamic and regional Indian elements into a distinctive but variegated whole. Ancient Indian history is one of the oldest and richest cultures recorded in human history. Aurangzeb. The breadth of the Islamic world ruled under one Caliphate during this era included cultures and thinkers from the Atlantic Ocean to India. This expansion, however, also brought the Ottomans into confrontation with the Portuguese, who were seeking to establish May 12, 2018 · Introduction Historians describe Islam as one of the youngest of the world’s major religions, having emerged only in the early 7th century CE. , and direct administration by the British Empire began in 1858. The concessions were not by any benevolence but to win Hindu support in his fight with two inveterate foes of every Muslim empire-builder- the Muslim chieftains and the die-hard Ulama. [1] [2] [3] Jul 19, 2016 · Abstract: One of the legacies of Islamic civilization in India was. The Mughal Empire was established by the Mongol ruler when he overpowered Ibrahim, the Sultan of Afghanistan. Answer: Option 2 Hope that helps! ★ If you have further questions about this question or need more help, feel free to comment below or leave me a PM. , In the 1300s, the Delhi Sultanate was one of the most powerful kingdoms of the Islamic world. Gandhi helped end British rule in 1947, Jawaharlal Nehru became India’s first prime minister, and Nehru, his daughter Indira Gandhi, and his grandson Rajiv Gandhi The spread of Islam to South Asia is because of the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire. Mass conversion to Islam only occurred in the Indus borderlands under the impact of Sep 9, 2019 · The third gunpowder empire, India's Mughal Empire, offers perhaps the most dramatic example of modern weaponry carrying the day. These four figures— Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and the originally overlooked son-in-law of Muhammad, Ali —ruled between 632 and 661, a period when much Byzantine and Persian territory was conquered, and the message of Islam spread Hi Prince! Thanks for asking a question here on Brainly. The first Islamic armies to push into India with force were the Turkish Ghaznavids, who took Punjab and launched raids into India in the 10th century. Five dynasties ruled over the Delhi Sultanate sequentially: the Mamluk dynasty (1206–1290), the Khalji dynasty (1290–1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1414), the Sayyid dynasty (1414–1451), and Ghaznavid dynasty, (977–1186 ce ), dynasty of Turkic origin that ruled in Khorāsān (in northeastern Iran), Afghanistan, and northern India. Mughal ruler who put Empire at a detriment by giving port of Bombay to Europeans in 1661. While in Anatolia 90% of the 8 million people converted. The foundation of Muslim rule in India was laid by Shabab-ud-Din Ghori towards the close of the 12th century A. Mar 23, 2024 · Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Islam was introduced to North India through peaceful means like trade. In the center was the Safavid Dynasty, who controlled the Persian Gulf Route. Afghanistan In the sixteenth century, the ummah was composed of a number of large and small Islamic empires and states. The Ottoman Empire in the west occupied the territory once held by the Byzantine Empire and controlled the Red Sea trade route linking Southeast Asia with Venice. Currently, India has the third largest population of Muslims in the world, after Indonesia and Pakistan . Islamic rule first came to the Indian subcontinent in the 8th century, when Muhammad bin Qasim conquered Sindh, though this was a short-lived consolidation of Indian territory. Within a century of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ passing away, the early Muslims established an empire stretching from modern-day Spain in the west to India in the east. The first great expansion of Islam into India came during the Umayyad Dynasty of caliphs, who were based in Damascus. However, some of these places the conversion was much more thorough. Shokoohy, M. Further, the Mughal Empire was referred as the "Gunpowder Empire", which preserved features of the Mongol customs, and embraced Islam into the June 5 - Sharif Hussein, the emir of Mecca, proclaims himself the leader of the Muslim world, thus launching an Arab revolt against the Ottoman empire Go to Hussein, ibn Ali (1856–1931) in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed. The (red) and (blue) were the largest and second-largest empires in history, respectively. The Mughal Empire was a major Islamic empire that ruled a vast portion of the Indian subcontinent from the early 16th century to the mid-19th century. Several empires in human history have been contenders for the largest of all time, depending on definition and May 31, 2021 · 5. Take the example of Iraq, the first centre of the Abbasid dynasty (750 AD-1258 AD), where commercial exchange had existed throughout the Nov 22, 2023 · The Mughal Empire, an Islamic empire that lasted in India from 1526 to 1764, left its mark on Indian architecture, which was a blend of Islamic, Persian, Turkish, Arab, Central Asian and Indian Emperor Aurangzeb, who memorised the Quran, with the help of several Arab and Iraqi scholars compiled the Fatawa-e-Alamgiri A map of the Bruneian Empire in 1500. His repeated invasions weakened the Indian rulers and paved the way for the work of Mohammad Ghori. Islam first spread along the coastal regions of the Indian subcontinent and Sri Lanka, almost as soon as it started in the Arabian Peninsula, as the Arab traders brought it to South Asia. Persian. There are hundreds of valorous victories by our ancestors from the east to west, north to south from 8th century to 18th century – the period of Islamic invasion Islamic Empires Timeline- Sydney Hernandez. Muhammad Ghor established the first Islamic empire in India. The early Muslim conquests or early Islamic conquests ( Arabic: الْفُتُوحَاتُ الإسْلَامِيَّة, romanized : al-Futūḥāt al-ʾIslāmiyya ), [3] also known as the Arab conquests, [4] were initiated in the 7th century by Muhammad, the founder of Islam. With its conquest of the Arab lands in the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire (1300–1923) came to control some of the major entrepots of the Indian Ocean trade in the west. Islamic Ideals and Key Features of the Mughal Empire. Bābur, as he is generally known from his personal name – meaning leopard or tiger – was a Turco-Mongol, Ḥanaf ī Sunnī Muslim native of western Central Asia. Islam made much contribution during this period in the art, politics and administration. Explanation: The group that established the first Islamic empire in India was the Umayyad dynasty. D. Sep 7, 2009 · The Mughal Empire. Notable Mughal rulers included Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb. Official language of the Mughal Empire. The Mughals ruled over large parts of the subcontinent and left a lasting impact on Indian culture, art, and architecture. . In the medieval period, the twofold frontier of mobile wealth, nomadic and maritime, largely developed under the aegis of Islam. When Alptigin rebelled against the Samanids he established himself at Ghazna in 352/962, where his slave and son-in-law Sebüktigin succeeded him in 367/977 and started vigorously to expand his dominions. In Appendix Table 2 Panel A, we report the summary statistics of the main variables employed in the cross-ethnic-group analysis. In West Africa and other regions, Islam spread through merchant communities and Sufi tariqas (orders), with Muslim empires arising when native rulers converted to Islam and sought to expand their borders. The dynasty was toppled by the Abbasids in 750. After a series of invasions, Muhammad Ghori was successful in Mar 9, 2018 · There was a valiant and ceaseless struggle for independence by Hindus to deliver India from Muslim tyranny. With the presence o f this Chapter 27: The Islamic Empires. The early modern period should be considered an Age of Empires in a truly global sense, as political life across both the Old and New Worlds was redefined by the Oct 9, 2023 · The Mughal Empire in India. Studies in Islamic Art and Architecture, Supplements to Muqarnas, II. Babur had the expertise of his commander Ustad Ali Quli Jan 16, 2020 · The Islamic Civilization is today and was in the past an amalgam of a wide variety of cultures, made up of polities and countries from North Africa to the western periphery of the Pacific Ocean, and from Central Asia to sub-Saharan Africa. Although by the early 18th century the regions had begun to reassert their independent positions, Mughal manners and ideals outlasted imperial central authority. This chapter analyses the establishment of Indo-Islamic conquest states by post-nomadic Turks, Mongols, Afghans, and others. Explore the achievements and challenges of the different dynasties and regions that formed part of the caliphate, such as the Abbasids and Arabia. East was India. At its greatest extent, the Umayyad Caliphate covered 11,100,000 km 2 (4,300,000 sq mi), [1] making it one of the largest empires in history in terms of area. They fought until their last breath. After that Muslim dynasties rose; some of these dynasties established notable and prominent Muslim empires, such as the Umayyad Empire and later the Abbasid Empire, Ottoman Empire centered around Anatolia, the Safavid Empire of Persia, and the Mughal Empire in India. In many ways the Mughal empire represents the climax of Indian The correct option is D Muhammad Ghor. By 1750, they had dominated much of South Asia for several centuries. The invasions of Mahmud of Gahzni during the initial period of 10th century and the invasion of Muhammad Ghor during the 12th century led to establishment of the Delhi Sultanate. After his death, Musa Shah took up the leadership of the movement. Michael Cera. 1152/1526– c. (1988). Today, numerous theories about how India came to be such a largely… May 25, 2023 · Trade and Commerce During the Islamic Golden Age. Jul 6, 2017 · His 17 invasions of India from 1000-1026 were carried out only to satisfy that ambition, as the booty provided the necessary finances. Additionally, faith based emphases on textual analysis in the study of the Qur 9 - Islamic trade, shipping, port-states and merchant communities in the Indian Ocean, seventh to sixteenth centuries The first Islamic empire in India was established by Muhammad Ghor. established first the Ottoman empire, then the Safavid dynasty in Persia (1502), and finally the Mughal dynasty in India (1526). The rise of the Uzbeks pushed him south until he established his seat of power in Kabul. After Mohandas K. The vast and sweeping Islamic Empire was created during the 7th and 8th centuries CE, reaching a unity Jun 5, 2023 · The Muslims ruled parts of India for several centuries, starting with the arrival of Muslim armies in the early 8th century until the decline of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century. Apr 30, 2023 · Mughal Empire. Learn about the history, meaning, and definition of the caliphate, and how it expanded and declined over the centuries. The Mughal Empire of India was one of the great empires of world history. Muhammad Ghor was the first Muslim ruler who laid the foundation for the subsequent Islamic ruling dynasties of India. Click the card to flip 👆. , The Mughal Empire ruled after the fall of the Delhi Sultanate. Ahmed Danyal Arif, London, UK. The special cultural qualities of Indian-Islamic civilization and the autonomy and plurality of religious tendencies made it a distinctive variant of Islamic societies. 1556-1605) is also highlighted in what follows. In the beginning, the Turks were barbaric Mar 11, 2022 · A new series that explores the significance of the Vijayanagara Empire as the strongest force that saved Hindus of South India from Islamic depredations. Jul 20, 2021 · Three powerful Muslim empires ringed the Indian Ocean. He fixed the Muslim chieftains with the help of Rajput princes. The Mughal Empire that ruled till 1764 in India made significant contribution in the field of architecture in the Indian subcontinent by evolving a rich and unique architectural style Dec 1, 2022 · Last updated on December 1, 2022 by ClearIAS Team. ) In 1526 Ẓahīr al-Dīn Muḥammad Bābur (888–937/1483–1530) successfully invaded north India and founded the Mughal empire (932– c. Life of Prophet Muhammad (Makkan period only) The Golden Age of Islam. The Rise and Fall of Islamic Empires: A Comprehensive Overview” is an in-depth exploration of the history of Islamic empires. Islamic conquests expanded under Mahmud of Ghazni in the 12th century CE, resulting in the establishment of the Ghaznavid Empire in the Indus River basin and the The Umayyads continued the Muslim conquests, conquering Ifriqiya, Transoxiana, Sind, the Maghreb and Hispania ( al-Andalus ). The Islamic Sultanates rose in the region of modern-day Pakistan and spread north-west. Short Description. Rise and Spread of Islam. The crucial early years of Islamic expansion were overseen by the first four caliphs, a group of rulers who came to be called the “rightly guided” or Rashidun. (2003). Like earlier empires in India dating all the way back to Alexander the Great, Nowhere was a better example of this than Muslim India, where the political power of Islam was greatly weakened Mughal Empire (16th-19th centuries CE): The Mughal Empire, founded by Babur in 1526, was one of the most significant Islamic empires in India. Bhadresvar: The Oldest Islamic Monuments in India. He never had the idea of spreading Islam or of establishing an Islamic empire in India. The Taj Mahal houses the jewelled tomb of Mumtaz Mahal, much loved wife of emperor Shah Jehan ©. Therefore the correct option is c. His capital Alor was captured and Qasim extended his conquest further into Multan (near Indus river and parts of lower Punjab). The founder of the dynasty was Sebüktigin (ruled 977–997), a former Turkic slave who was recognized by the Sāmānids (an Iranian Muslim dynasty) as governor of Ghazna (modern Ghaznī, Afghanistan). Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like EVENT: Babur leads troops to victories over an army led by the sultan of Delhi and the Rajput army. Studies has shown that after the capture of Lahore and the end of the Ghaznavids, the Ghurid Empire, a foundation was laid of Muslim rule in India. The Mughal Empire was founded in the Indian subcontinent by a conqueror from Central Asia called Babur who became the first Mughal emperor in India in 1526. Leiden: Brill. pw df qc ge qr jf jv nk tz mf